Includes: France, Scotland, England, Spain,
Portugal
Not
included yet: Austria, Denmark,
Prussia, Russia, Germany, Poland
Last
update: 13 July 2004
Sources: Various
"French"
monarchs covers post-Roman monarchs of what began as the Frankish people. The regions over which pre-Charlemagne
Frankish monarchs ruled varied greatly and is not taken into consideration.
Dynasty or family names are provided as delineations.
447-458
Merovich
458-482
Childeric I
482-511
Clovis I
511-558
Childebert I
558-562
Clothaire I
562-566
Caribert
566-584
Chilperic
584-628
Clothaire II
628-637
Dagobert I
637-655
Clovis II
655-668
Clothaire III
668-674
Childeric II
674-691
Thierry III
691-695
Clovis III
695-711
Childebert II
711-716
Dagobert III
716-721
Chilperic II
721-737
Thierry IV
737-743
no king
743-751
Childeric III
751-768
Pepin the Short
768-814
Charlemagne (also Holy Roman Emperor 800-814)
814-840
Louis I, the Pious
840-877
Charles I, the Bald
877-879
Louis II, the Stammerer
879-882
Louis III
882-884
Carloman
884-888
Charles II, the Fat
888-898
Odo, count of Paris
898-929
Charles III, the Simple
929-936
no king
936-954
Louis IV, the Foreigner
954-986
Lothaire
986-987
Louis V
987-996
Hugh Capet
996-1031
Robert II, the Pious
1031-1060
Henry I
1060-1108
Philip I
1108-1137
Louis VI, the Fat
1137-1180
Louis VII
1180-1223
Philip II, Augustus
1223-1226
Louis VIII, the Lion
1226-1270
Louis IX, Saint-Louis
1270-1285
Philip III, the Bold
1285-1314
Philip IV, the Fair
1314-1316
Louis X
1316-1322
Philip V, the Tall
1322-1328
Charles IV, the Fair
1328-1350
Philip VI
1350-1364
John II, the Good
1364-1380
Charles V, the Wise
1380-1422
Charles VI, the Fool
1422-1461
Charles VII, the Victorious
1461-1483
Louis XI, the Spider
1483-1498
Charles VIII
1498-1515
Louis XII, Father of his People
1515-1547
Fran¨ois I
1547-1559
Henry II
1559-1560
Fran¨ois II
1560-1574
Charles IX
1574-1589
Henry III
1589-1610
Henry IV
1610-1643
Louis XIII
1643-1715
Louis XIV, the Sun King
1715-1774
Louis XV
1774-1793
Louis XVI
1793-1804
no king
1804-1814
see Emperors, below
1814-1824
Louis XVIII
1824-1830
Charles X
1830-1848
Louis-Philippe
1804-1815
Emperor Napoleon
1852-1870
Emperor Napoleon III
The kingdom of Scotland began when Kenneth mac Alpin
united the Picts and the Dalriadan Scots and became their king. The kingdoms of Strathclyde and
Bernicia were separate until Strathclyde became part of Scotland in the reign
of Duncan I.
Kenneth
I (843-858)
his
brother, Donald I (858-862)
Kenneth
I's son, Constantine I (862-877)
Kenneth
I's son, Aed (877-878)
his
nephew, Eochaid and first cousin Giric (878-889 – co-kings)
Constantine
I's son, Donald II (889-900)
Aed
I's son, Constantine II (900-943)
Donald
II's son, Malcolm I (943-954)
Constantine
II's son, Indulf (954-962)
Malcolm
I's son, Dubh (962-966)
Indulf's
son, Culen (966-971)
Malcolm
I's son, Kenneth II (971-995)
Culen
I's son, Constantine III (995-997)
Dubh
I's son, Kenneth III (997-1005)
Kenneth
II's son, Malcolm II (1005-1034)
Malcolm
II's grandson, Duncan I (1034-1040)
Malcolm
II's grandson, Macbeth (1040-1057)
Kenneth
III's grandson, Lulach (1057-1058)
Duncan
I's son, Malcolm III (1058-1093)
Duncan
I's son, Donald III (1093-1094 and 1094-1097)
Malcolm
III's son, Duncan II (1094)
Malcolm
III's son, Edgar (1097-1107)
Malcolm
III's son, Alexander I (1107-1124)
Malcolm
III's son, David I (1124-1153)
David
I's grandson, Malcolm IV (1153-1165)
David
I's grandson, William I (1165-1214)
his
son, Alexander II (1214-1249)
his
son, Alexander III (1249-1286)
his
granddaughter, Margaret (1286-1290)
puppet
of King Edward I of England (1290-1292 – Wars of Scottish Independence)
David
IÕs 3xgreat-grandson, John Balliol (1292-1296)
David
I's 4x(great)grandson, Robert I (1306-1329)
his
son, David II (1329-1371)
John
Balliol's son Edward Balliol (1332-1338)
Robert
I's grandson, Robert II (1371-1390)
his
son, Robert III (1390-1406)
his
son, James I (1406-1437)
his
son, James II (1437-1460)
his
son, James III (1460-1488)
his
son, James IV (1488-1513)
his
son, James V (1513-1542)
his
daughter, Mary (1542-1567)
her
son, James VI (1567-1625)
his
son, Charles I (1625-1649)
his
son, Charles II (1651-1685)
Charles
I's son, James VII (1685-1688)
his
daughter, Mary II (1689-1694) and her husband (and cousin) William II (William
III of England) of the House of Orange (1689-1702), reigned together during
Mary's life as "William and Mary"
William
was succeeded by James VII's younger daughter Anne (1702-1707)
In 1707, with the Act of Union, the thrones of England and
Scotland were formally united as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, keeping
the numbering system of England.
See GB and UK monarchs below.
After the departure of the Romans and prior to the
formation of England, various British, Viking and Anglo-Saxon kingdoms existed
in the southern two-thirds of Britain. Between 400 and 1000 the Anglo-Saxon
kingdoms gradually conquered the others, amalgamating to form England.
(The
Bretwalda – the overall kings (Bretwalda) were chosen from among the
rulers of the various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England – hence the use of
ŅofÓ. There was not always a Bretwalda.)
Aelle
of Sussex (477-514)
Cerdic
of Wessex (519-534)
Ceawlin
of Wessex (560-591)
Ethelbert
of Kent (591-616)
Raedwald
of East Anglia (616-627)
Edwin
of Deira (627-632)
Oswald
of Bernicia (633-641)
Oswiu
of Northumbria (641-670)
Aethelbald
of Mercia (c735-757)
Aethelbald's
cousin, Offa of Mercia (757-796)
(At
this point the Kings of Wessex became dominant and started their dynasty.)
Ceawlin's
7x(great)-grandson, Egbert (829-839)
his
son, Ethelwulf (839-855)
his
son, Ethelbald (855-860)
Ethelwulf's
son, Ethelbert (860-866)
Ethelwulf's
son, Ethelred (866-871)
Ethelwulf's
son, Aelfred (Alfred) the Great (871-899)
his
son, Edward the Elder (899-924)
his
son, Ethelweard (924)
his
brother, Athelstan (924-939)
Edward's
son, Edmund I (939-946)
Edward's
son, Edred (946-955)
Edmund's
son, Edwyn (955-959)
Edmund's
son, Edgar (959-975)
his
son, Edward the Martyr (975-978)
Edgar's
son, Ethelred II (978-1013)
restored,
Ethelred II (1014-1016)
his
son, Edmund II (1016)
(For a
short period of time, both Danish and Saxon kings claimed the throne of
England.)
Sweyn,
also King of Denmark (1013-1014)
his
son, Canute the Great (1016-1035)
his
illegitimate son, Harold I Harefoot (1035-1040)
Canute's
son, Hardacanute (1040-1042)
Ethelred
II's son and Canute II's half-brother, Edward the Confessor (1042-1066)
his
brother-in-law and Sweyn I's grand-nephew, Harold II (1066)
Edmund
II's grandson, Edgar ®theling, uncrowned (1066)
(After
the Norman Conquest in 1066, numbering of kings starts over, at least for the
Edwards. The reason for this is that the tradition of numbering reigning
monarchs was brought to England by the Normans. The numbers given to
pre-conquest kings were added by later historians.)
Edward
the Confessor and Hardacanute's first cousin twice removed, William I
(1066-1087)
his
son, William II (1087-1100)
William
I's son, Henry I (1100-1135)
William
I's grandson, Stephen (1135-1154)
Henry
I's daughter, Matilda, uncrowned (1141)
Matilda's
son, Henry II (1154-1189)
his
son, Richard I the Lionheart (1189-1199)
his
youngest brother (Henry II's son), John (1199-1216)
his
son, Henry III (1216-1272)
his
son, Edward I (1272-1307)
his
son, Edward II (1307-1327)
his
son, Edward III (1327-1377)
his
grandson, Richard II (1377-1399)
Edward
III's grandson, Henry IV (1399-1413)
his
son, Henry V (1413-1422)
his
son, Henry VI (1422-1461 and 1470-1471)
Edward
III's 2x(great)grandson, Edward IV (1461-1470 and 1471-1483)
his
son, Edward V, uncrowned (1483)
Edward
IV's brother, Richard III (1483-1485)
Edward
III's 2x(great)grandson and Edward IV's son-in-law, Henry VII (1485-1509)
his
son, Henry VIII (1509-1547)
his
son, Edward VI (1547-1553)
Henry
VII's great-granddaughter, Lady Jane Grey, uncrowned (9 days in 1553)
Henry
VIII's daughter, Mary I (1553-1558)
Henry
VIII's daughter, Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
Henry
VII's 2x(great)grandson, James I, also King of Scotland, (1603-1625)
his
son, Charles I (1625-1649)
(There
was no king between Charles I's execution in 1649 and the restoration in 1660,
but there were two Lords Protector during the Protectorate.)
Oliver
Cromwell (1653-1658)
his
son, Richard Cromwell (1658-1659)
Charles
I's son, Charles II (1660-1685)
Charles
I's son, James II (1685-1688)
James
II's daughter, Mary II (1689-1694) and her husband William III of the House of
Orange (1689-1702), reigned together during Mary's life as "William and
Mary"
William
III was succeeded by James II's younger daughter, Anne (1702-1707)
(In
1707, with the Act of Union, the thrones of England and Scotland were formally
united as the throne of the Kingdom of Great Britain.)
The
daughter of James (II of England; VII of Scotland), Anne (1707-1714)
James
I's great-grandson, George I (1714-1727)
his
son, George II (1727-1760)
his
grandson, George III (1760-1801)
(In
1801, the Kingdom of Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland merged to form the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. George III's reigns spanned both the separate kingdoms and
their merged entity.)
George
III (1801-1820)
his
son, George IV (1820-1830)
George
III's third son, William IV (1830-1837)
George
III's granddaughter, Victoria (1837-1901)
(in 1877, Victoria became also Empress of India)
(The
House of Windsor was known as the House of Saxe-Coburg-Goetha until 1917, when
anti-German sentiment swept England due to World War I.)
her
son, Edward VII (1901-1910)
his
son, George V (1910-1936)
George
V (1910-1936)
his
son, Edward VIII (1936)
George
V's son, George VI (1936-1952)
his
daughter, Elizabeth II (1952-)
A useful rhyme for memorizing the names of the English and
UK monarchs since the Norman Conquest in chronological order:
Willy
Willy Harry Steve,
Henry
Dick John Henry three;
Then
three Edwards Richard two,
Henry
Four, Five Six then who?
Edward
four five, Dick the bad,
Two
more Henries, Ned the lad;
Bloody
Mary she came next,
Then
we have our Good Queen Bess.
From
Scotland we got James the Vain;
Charlie
one, two, James again.
William
and Mary, Anna Gloria,
Four
Georges, William, and Victoria.
Edward,
George, the same again,
Now
Elizabeth - and the end.
The Aragonese kingdom included the present-day autonomous
community of Aragon. The Aragonese kings of the Barcelonan dynasty ruled as
well Catalonia (which included Roussillon, nowadays the departement of Pyrenees-Orientales
in France), the city of Montpellier, the kingdom of Valencia, the kingdom
of Majorca, the kingdom of Sicily, and Sardinia.
The title of Count of Barcelona belonged to the Aragonese
monarch after Alfonso II inherited it from his father Ramon Berenguer IV.
circa
870 - 897 Wilfred the Hairy (last Count appointed by a Frankish king)
897 -
911 Wilfred II or Wilfred Borell I
911 -
947 Sunyer I
947 -
992 Borell II
992 -
1018 Ramon Borell
1018 -
1035 Berenguer Ramon I
1035 -
1076 Ramon Berenguer I
1076 -
1082 Ramon Berenguer II
1082 -
1096 Berenguer Ramon II
1096 -
1131 Ramon Berenguer III
1131 -
1162 Ramon Berenguer IV (married Petronila of Aragon)
circa
809 - 839 Aznar I Galindez
844 -
867 Galindo I Aznarez
867 -
893 Aznar II Galindez
893 -
922 Galindo II Aznarez
922 -
? Andragota
926 -
970 Garcia I Sanchez of Navarre
970 -
994 Sancho II Garces of Navarre
994 -
1000 Garcia II the Trembler of Navarre
1000 -
1035 Sancho III the Great of Navarre
1035 -
1063 Ramiro I of Aragon
1063 -
1094 Sancho I Ramirez, a.k.a Sancho V of Navarre
1094 -
1101 Peter I of Aragon, conquered Huesca
1104 -
1134 Alfonso I, conquered Zaragoza
1134 -
1157 Ramiro II of Aragon
1137 -
1163 Peronella or Petronila (married Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona)
1162 -
1196 Alfonso II, conquered Teruel
1196 -
1213 Peter II, died at the Battle of Muret
1213 -
1276 James I, conquered Valencia, Majorca and Ibiza. Wrote the Libre dels feyts
1276 -
1285 Peter III, conquered Sicily
1285 -
1291 Alfonso III, conquered Minorca
1291 -
1329 James II
1327 -
1336 Alfonso IV
1336 -
1387 Peter IV. Deposed the Kings of Majorca. Wrote the Chronicle
1387 -
1396 John I
1396 -
1410 Martin I, the Human, last direct descendant of Wilfred
1410 -
1412 Interegnum and Caspe Compromise
1412 -
1416 Ferdinand I of Aragon, a.k.a. F. of Antequera
1416 -
1458 Alfonso V, conquered Naples
1458 -
1479 John II, War of the remences
1479 -
1516 Ferdinand II of Aragon, a.k.a. Ferdinand V of Spain, invaded Navarre
(married Isabella I of Castile)
Alfonso
III of Leon 866-910 surnamed "the Great"
Garcia
I of Leon 910-914
Ordono
II of Galicia 910-924 and of Leon 914-924
Fruela
II of Asturies 910-925 and of Leon 924-925
Alfonso
IV of Leon 925-931 (abdicated 931, died 933)
Raimro
II of Leon 931-951
Ordono
III of Leon 950-956
Sancho
I of Leon 956-958 and 960-966
Ordono
IV of Leon 958-960
Ramiro
III of Leon 967-984
Bermudo
II of Leon 982-999
Alfonso
V of Castile 999-1028
Bermudo
III of Leon 1028-1037
Ferdinand
I the Great 1035-1065
Fernando
Aznarez - 927 - 930, only known for marrying the widow of Garcia I of Leon
Ferdinand
Gonzalez - 923 - 970
Garcia
I Fernandez - 970-995
Sancho
I Garces - 995-1017
Garcia
II Sanchez 1017-1029
Mayor
- 1029-1032, wife of Sancho III of Navarre
Sancho
III of Navarre - 1000-1035
Ferdinand
I the Great, (died 1065), 1035-1065
Sancho
II of Castile - 1065-1072
Garcia
II of Galicia - 1065-1071
Alfonso
VI of Castile, (1040-1109), 1072-1073
Urraca
of Castile - 1109-1126
Alfonso
VII of Castile, (1105-1157), the Emperor - 1126-1157
Sancho
III of Castile - 1157-1158
Alfonso
VIII of Castile, (1155-1214), 1158-1214
Alfonso
IX of Castile, (1171-1230), and Leon 1188-1230
Henry
I of Castile 1214-1217
Berenguela
of Castile 1217
Ferdinand
III of Castile, the Saint 1217-1252
Alfonso
X of Castile, (1221-1284), the Wise 1252-1284
Sancho
IV of Castile 1284-1295
Ferdinand
IV of Castile, the Summoned 1295-1312
Alfonso
XI of Castile, (1312-1350), 1312-1350
Peter
I of Castile, the Cruel 1350-1369
Henry
II of Castile, the Bastard 1369-1379
John I
of Castile 1379-1390
Henry
III of Castile, the Infirm 1390-1406
John
II of Castile 1406-1454
Henry
IV of Castile, the Impotent 1454-1474
Isabella
I of Castile, a.k.a. Isabella I of Spain 1474-1504
Joanna
of Castile, the Mad - 1504-1506
Philip
I of Castile, the Handsome - 1506
ca
824 - 851 Inigo Iniguez Arista. In Basque, Eneko Aritza.
851-880
Garcia Iniguez, son of Inigo Iniguez Arista
880-905
Fortun Garces the One-Eyed
905-926
Sancho I Garces, another son of Inigo Iniguez Arista
926-970
Garcia I Sanchez
970-994
Sancho II Garces
994-1000
Garcia II the Trembler
1000-1035
Sancho III the Great
1035-1054
Garcia III Sanchez
1054-1076
Sancho IV of Penalen
1076-1094
Sancho V Ramirez, as Sancho I of Aragon from 1063-1094
1094-1104
Peter I
1104-1134
Alfonso I
1134-1150
Garcia IV Ramirez
1150-1194
Sancho VI the Wise
1194-1234
Sancho VII the Strong
1234-1253
Theobald I the Troubadour or the Posthumous
1253-1270
Theobald II of Navarre
1270-1274
Henry I the Fat
1274-1305
Joan I of Navarre, married to Philip IV of France
1284-1305
Philip I
1305-1316
Louis I
1316-1322
Philip II
1322-1328
Charles I
1328-1349
Joan II of Navarre, married to Philip of Evereux
1328-1342
Philip of Evreux or Philip III of Navarre
1349-1387
Charles II the Bad
1387-1425
Charles III the Noble
1425-1441
Blanche of Navarre
1425-1479
John I
(1441-1446
Charles (IV) of Viana)
1479
Eleanor of Navarre
1479-1483
Francis Febo, (of Foix 1470-1483)
1483-1516
Catherine of Navarre
1483-1573
Albret (fr Maison d'Albret)
1484-1516
John of Albret, fr. Jean d'Albret
Jean d'Albret was defeated by Ferdinand II of Aragon in
1512, who married Germana of Foix and southern Navarre was annexed to Spain.
The following monarchs reigned over the portion of Navarre north of the
Pyrenees, called Lower Navarre. (The Spanish monarchs styled themselves
monarchs of Navarre until 1833.)
1516-1555
Henry II of Navarre
1555-1572
Jeanne d'Albret, married Antoine of Bourbon, duke of Vendome (French: Antoine
de Bourbon, duc de Vend™me)
1572-1589
Henry III of Navarre
Henry III of Navarre became Henry IV of France and
thereafter the crown of Navarre passed to the kings of France. The kingdom of
Navarre was incorporated into the French Republic in 1791.
Henry
of Burgundy, Count of Portugal, then a fiefdom of Castile (1093-1112)
Afonso
I Henriques, Count of Portugal (1112-1139)
Afonso
I Henriques (1139-1185)
Sancho
I (1185-1211)
Afonso
II (1211-1223)
Sancho
II (1223-1248)
Afonso
III (1248-1279)
Dinis
(1279-1325)
Afonso
IV (1325-1357)
Pedro
I (1357-1367)
Fernando
(1367-1383)
Interregnum
1383-1385
Joao
I (1385-1433)
Duarte
(1433-1438)
Afonso
V (1438-1481)
Joao
II (1481-1495)
Manuel
I (1495-1521)
Joao
III (1521-1557)
Sebastiao
I (1557-1578)
Cardinal
Henrique (1578-1580)
Philip
I (1580-1598)
Philip
II (1598-1621)
Philip
III (1621-1640)
Joao
IV, Duke of Braganza (1640-1656)
Afonso
VI (1656-1667)
Pedro
II (1667-1706)
Joao
V (1706-1750)
Jose
I (1750-1777)
Pedro
III (1777-1786)
Maria
I Francisca (1777-1816)
Joao
VI (Regent 1799-1816, 1816-1826)
Pedro
IV (1826) (also Peter I of Brazil)
Maria
II da Gl—ria (1826-1828, 1834-1853)
Miguel
I (1828-1834) (exiled)
Pedro
V (1853-1861)
Luis I
(1861-1889)
Carlos
I (1889-1908)
Manuel
II (1908-October 5, 1910, Republic declared)